一、主谓一致
1.就近原则:either... or;neither... nor;not only.. but also, there be
2.就远原则:besides, but, except,with,as well as, like, together wit
3. The number of+单数/A number of+复数
4. The singer and write+单数(表示一个人)
二、反意疑问句
1.There be句型,疑问部分也要用there
2.由think,believe,expect,suppose,imagine等引导的宾语从句,主语是第一人称(We)的时候,疑问部分与宾语从句相对应构成翻译疑问句。前否后肯，前肯后否。
三、形容词与副词
1.形容词与副词的排序题:
Those three beautiful large old red Chinese wood.
2.某些以-ior结尾的形容词进行比较时,用to代替than这些词有inferior(劣等的,次的)、superior(较好的,优于)、junior资历较浅的)、senior(资格较老的)、prior(在之前)等。
3.在形容词、副词的比较级前,用much,little，stil,even,far,等来修饰
四、虚拟语气
1.wish的宾语从句
(1)现在:过去
(2)过去:过去的过去
(3)将来:would/should/might+V原
2. would rather than
(1)将来:过去
(2)现在:过去
(3)过去:过去的过去
3.as if/though+从句
(1)现在:过去
(2)过去:过去的过去
4.It’s(about/high)time+that+从句使用过去式
5.表示要求、命命、建议的虚拟语气,使用should+动原或者将should省略
6.这类动词的名词形式如:advice,requirement,orde,advice,suggestionproposa,demand,request等等也要用should+动原,注意主语是人还是物,是物要用被动语态
7.It’s necessary/strange/natura /insrtant/pity/decided/deciding/lmpossible+that从句,从句中的动词要用虚拟,should+动原。
8.(a、b、c、d均可),we couldn’have finished the work ahead oftime.
a. If it had not been for your help
b. Had it not been for your help
c. But for your helpd.Without your help
五、时态
1. You'd better do sth../ You'd better not do sth...
2. by the time/end of
主句+将来完成时by the end of next year主句+过去将来完成时by the end of 1999关键句:By the middle of zhe 21"century, the vast a jority ofthe world's people将来完成时in cities rather than in rural areas
3.It is/has been+一段时间+since自从...已有...
4. for, since, so far(ong),till, until 一般与完成时连用(完成时提示词)
六、固定句式
1.I have no doubt + that
2. I have trouble/difficulty + (in) doing sth
3.It is/was...+ that(强调句)
4. The more....the more ; The more....the less
5. make it(clear, one's duty,possible)it 不可以省略。
6. It is difficult (adj.)+to do sth / It is+adj.+for sb to do sth
7. It is likely +to do sthIt is unlikely+to do stbIt is likely+ thatIt is unlikely+ that
8. It/there is no use/no good/no point + doing
9. It is/was not until... that(直到...才)
10.It was not时间段+before(没过多长时间就...)
七、倍数/从句
1.主语+谓语+倍数(或分数)+as +adj.+asEg:I have three times as many as you,我有你三倍那么多。
2.(表语从句)应使用The reason...is that ...或This/it/that/isbecause...等句型。不要使用The reason...is because that句型
3.(同位语从句)fact (idea, news, belief, thought, doubt, order,suggestion, proof, message, conclusion, desire, theory, truth, in.formation,word)that...最常考的五个同位语单词。
4.(定语从句)that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以呼唤,但在下列情况下，一般用that而不用which.
(1)先行词为all,everything,nothing, sonething, anything. little,much等不定代词
(2)先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修饰时
(3)先行词序数词或最高级修饰时。(the first,the beat)理解
(4) 先行词被the only,the very,the same 修饰时。
(5)(主语从句)that和what缺少主语或宾语用what,不缺少用that
(6)(状语从司)the moment/the minute/the instan让步n/ad+as/though+主+谓(固定公式)
八、倒装
1.倒装中的否定词或者半否定词
这类词或短语主要有never,neither,nor,little,seldom,rarelyhardly, scarcely, no sooner, not only, in no way,at no time, few,not, no等
2.NB代表not only... but also...引导的并列句。Not only位于句首时,所引导的前面的分句倒装,后面的分句不倒装。故此称“前倒后不倒”。
3.0代表only+状语从句;NU代not表until+状语从句此两种结构位于句首时，倒装主句而不倒装从句。即:主倒从不倒。
4.So+助动词+主语:也一样So+主语+助动词的确如此
5.完全倒装遇到人称代词时不用倒装,如Here you are
九、连词
Unless(除非)，While(表转折,表同时发生、表相当长的时间)Since(因为,既然),once(一旦),Now that(既然),In spite of(除了),Provided(如果),In that(因为),Though/although不与but连用，Because不与so连用Unless不与or连用，Whether常与not或者or连用。
十、谓语动词
1.let, have,make,get等表使役的动词Let/have/nake sb do;get sb to do
(1)have sb do sth 让某人做某事
(2)have sth/sb doing让某事处于持续不停的状态之中
(3)have sth done 让别人做此事
2.see, watch.notice.hear,listen to.observe feel等表感官动词的不定式均不带to
3.不定式做结果状语的固定搭配so+adj/adv as to do/that 从句too+adj/ady to doSuch+as to do 从句adj/adv +enough to do
4.“使...怎么样”之类的动词amusement,excite,frighten,inter-est, move, relax, satisfy,shock, surprise,, disappoint, puzzle,tire,please,inspire,terrify,worry,它们的ing形式表示主动,而过去分词表示被动，一般情况下“人”用ed“物"用ing
5.why not do sth(为何不做某事)
固定搭配
Cant(help/choose)but do 不得不做Can't help doing情不自禁做某事Can't help but tell her the truth,我只能告诉她真相。
6. +ing
mind(介意)，miss(逃过),mention(提及)，risk(冒险)，resist(抵制)，consider(考虑),admit(承认),avoid(避免)appreciate(感激),fancy(幻想),finish(完成)，feel like(喜欢)enjoy(享受),escape(逃脱)，delay(延迟)，deny(否认)detest(痛恨)imagine(想象)，suggest(建议)，keep(保持)
7.+to
dare(敢于)，demand(要求)，determine(决定)，decided(决定)，plan(计划)，pretend(假装)，promise(允诺)，prepare(准备)want(想要)，warn(警告)，wish(希望)，wait(等待),hope(等待),help(帮忙),hesitate(犹豫),care(愿意),choose(选择),claim(声称)，agree(网意),afford(担负得起),learn(学会)，long(渴望)
8. to/ing意思不一样
(1)forget to do sth 忘记要做某事forget doing sth 忘记做过某事
(2)mean to do sth 打算做某事mean doing sth意味着,就是
(3)go on to do继续做另一件事go on doing继续做同一件事try doing sth尝试做某事
(4)stop to do sth停下来做某事stop doing sth停止做某事
(5)regretto do sth对要发生的事表示遗憾
(6)try to do sth试图做某事
(7)regret doing sth对发生过的事表示后悔
十一、代词
1.every other每隔一个其地他都
2.none other than 不是别人,正是..
3. no other than 不是别的,正是...
4.other than 不同于,除了
5.rather than 而不是
6. anything but决不
7.nothing but只有,仅仅
十二、冠词与数词
1.用在身体某部位的名词前代替一个物主代词。及物动词+宾语+介词the+身体部位。
如:The ball hit the boy onthe nose.
1. 演奏乐器时,乐器的名称通常用定冠词。
如:Do you like to play the guitar or the viol in?3.在逢十的复数数词之前，指世纪的某个年代,
如:In the 1870's, Marx was already in his fifties.4. turn, go(作变成解)后作补语的名词前一样不用冠词。如:He hasgone social ist.
1. 在若千独立结构中不用冠词
如:He entered the forest, gun inhand
6.学科名称、球类,棋类名称前不加冠词。
Do you study physics?
He likes playing football/chess
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